历代黄芪临床用量分析

Analysis on Clinical Dosage of Huangqi [Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. 黄芪]in the Past Dynasties

目的总结黄芪从两汉至今的临床用量特点。方法采用Excel 2007建立历代黄芪剂量数据库,选取各朝代最具代表的医学著作,录入含有黄芪方剂的方名、总药量、黄芪药量、整方药味数、加水量、服法等。统计黄芪出现的频次、最常用量、常用量上限、常用量下限、最大用量、最小用量、平均用量,并结合文献分析历代黄芪用量特点。结果黄芪历代用量规律除最大用量波动较大(清代达峰值,日服量约为298.4 g)外,其余用量大致规律为汉唐至宋明显下降后基本保持稳定。结论黄芪用于肌表肢体病证及中风后遗症偏瘫痿痹属虚证者一般用量较大,用于其余病证时则根据病症不同,用量或大或小,随症变化。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the clinical dosage of Huangqi [Astragalus membranaceus（ Fisch.） Bunge. 黄芪]from Han dynasties till now. Methods The most representative medical works from each dynasty were selected. The usages of Huangqi were recorded using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software. And data on name of formula,dosage of all medicinals,dosage of Huangqi,number of all medicinals,volume of water added,administration,etc. was entried. The information on Huangqi,including the frequency occurring in formulas,regular dosage,upper limit of regular dosage,lower limit of regular dosage,maximum dosage,minimum dosage,and average dosage were statistically analyzed. Results The maximum dosage of Huangqi fluctuated largely and reached the peak in Qing Dynasty（ 298. 4 g / day）. Other than that,the clinical dosage of Huangqi has been decreasing from Han and Tang Dynasties to Song Dynasty then remaining steady. Conclusion Large dosage of Huangqi was used to treat skin and muscular diseases,sequela of stroke,hemiplegia,amyasthenia,and rheumatism with deficiency syndromes. For other diseases,the dosage changed according to different symptoms.