总量控制制度对排污权有偿使用与交易的影响

The effect of total emission control system on paying and trading of pollutant emission rights

主要污染物排放总量控制制度为实行多领域、跨行业的排污权交易提供了一定的政策与技术基础。受结构减排限制的影响,重点行业排污权指标有限,可交易总量指标流通面临巨大挑战。另外,总量控制制度存在限制潜在交易主体的因素,会影响排污权交易功能的发挥。在当前施行的主要污染物排放新增量和削减量替代的背景下,新、改、扩建项目通过排污权交易的方式购买排放指标不会增加制度执行成本,还可以刺激老企业的污染减排动力。因此,启动排污权交易制度需把握好总量控制制度的定位,既要成为一个"强制执行框架",又不能对排污权交易施加过多"限制"。

The total emission control system provided the police and technology basis for emission trading of multi-field and cross industry.Influenced by the specified requirements of emission reduction from structure adjustment,the key industries allocated limited quota of pollutant emission,and the circulation of tradable emission rights still faced enormous challenges.Besides,the function of emission trading would be restraint because the potential transaction subjects were restricted under the total emission control management.On the background of replacing additional pollutants by reductions quotas,the execution costs would not be increased in new and expansion projects,it would also stimulate the pollutants reduction motivation of old enterprise.So,starting emission trading system need to make sure the position of total control system,which should be a compulsory execution frame,but too much restrictions should not be applied on it.