节假日免收通行费政策的行政法检视

Administrative Law Inspection on Toll-Free Policy in Holidays

收费公路私人投资主体收取通行费的权利并非依行政授权而取得的规费征收权,而是依行政特许契约而取得的具有财产价值的私权利。节假日免收通行费政策尽管具有目的上的正当性,但不能基于公共利益迳行限制私人投资主体合法的收费权;所谓的"纠偏"或"警察权力"亦无法为之提供正当化理由。这一政策调整性规范对私人财产权利造成了过度限制,构成了行政征收,只有同时规定补偿条款,这一政府规制才具有实质上的合法性。

For the private subject of investment towards toll highways, charging tolls is the right of property, which is- sues from administrative contract, rather than the power of administrative charge coming from empowering. Although the toll -free policy on vacations is entirely justified on the purpose, while, the direct restriction to charging tolls is not allowed. Be- sides, so--called rectification or the theory of police power can＇t support it either. This policy proves to bring about excessive restrictions to private property, so it has become administrative imposition. Only the clause of compensation is drawn up at the same time, can the policy have essential legitimacy.