骆驼蓬子总生物碱改善小鼠学习记忆能力

Total alkaloids from the seeds of Peganum harmala ameliorating mice learning ability and memory

目的采用多种小鼠记忆障碍模型筛选骆驼蓬子抗老年痴呆的有效部位(总生物碱和非生物碱部位)。方法采用避暗实验法分别对骆驼蓬子总生物碱和非生物碱部位对东莨菪碱和30%乙醇所致的记忆获得性障碍和记忆再现障碍性小鼠学习记忆能力的影响进行考察。通过小鼠跳台实验法进一步验证有效部位对东莨菪碱、30%乙醇和亚硝酸钠所致小鼠记忆获得性障碍、记忆再现障碍及记忆巩固障碍模型的改善作用。结果避暗实验结果表明总生物碱在较高剂量下对东莨菪碱和30%乙醇所致记忆获得性障碍和记忆再生性障碍有一定的改善作用(与模型组比较,可显著延长小鼠潜伏期,P<0.01)。小鼠跳台实验法进一步证明高剂量骆驼蓬子总生物碱对东莨菪碱和30%乙醇诱导的学习记忆障碍具有改善作用,但对亚硝酸钠所致记忆巩固障碍无明显改善作用。结论总生物碱是骆驼蓬子改善小鼠学习记忆的有效部位。

AIM To screen the effective fractions（ total alkaloids and non-alkaloids） from the seeds of Peganum harmala L.on memory behavior in mice with memory impairment.METHODS The passive avoidance test was used to examine the amelioration on learning and memory of these total alkaloids and non-alkaloids fractions on mice models of memory acquisition impairment and memory retrieval impairment induced by scopolamine and 30% ethanol.The step-down test was further used to validate the effects of effective fraction on amelioration of learning and memory of mice models of memory acquisition impairment,memory retrieval impairment and memory consolidation impairment induced by scopolamine,30% ethanol and sodium nitrite.RESULTS The results of passive avoidance test showed that the total alkaloids showed some amelioration effect on disorders of learning and memory induced by scopolamine and the 30% ethanol（ significantly prolong the latent period compared with the model group,P〈0.01）.The results of step-down test also proved that high-dose of total alkaloids was effective on the scopolamine-induced mice memory acquisition impairment and the 30% ethanol-induced mice memory retrieval impairment,but no significant effect on the sodium nitrite-induced mice memory consolidation impairment.CONCLUSION The total alkaloids extract is the effective fractions of the seeds of P.harmala on improvement of mice learning and memory.