甘蓝型油菜品种航天诱变后代性状分析

Investigation of Agronomic Characters and Quality Analysis of Rapeseed Varieties( Brassica Napus L. ) by Space Mutation

通过对搭载实践8号育种卫星的6个甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子及其后代连续多年种植选择,对其SP3农艺性状及品质性状进行诱变效应分析,对SP4产量和农艺性状等进行鉴定与结果分析。结果表明,6个搭载品种的植株性状、生育期和抗逆性在SP1与对照相比均没有明显变化。对SP2进行田间观测,发现有多个主花序、主茎萎缩和小花瓣等变异株。对SP3室内考种和品质测试,发现了矮杆、大粒等有利变异株,还有一些芥酸、硫苷和含油率发生改变的变异群体。对SP4田间产量鉴定,得到了1份高产材料TK407,产量为3 048.35 kg·hm-2,产量构成三要素合理,分别为单株有效角果数365角、每角粒数23.43粒、千粒重4.61g。研究表明,航天诱变后代能产生变异植株,通过育种目标性状多代选择,能选育出高产、优质的新品种。

Studies mutation on the 8 tested. The yield growth period and on six Brassica napus L. cuhivars （lines） seeds and their descendants were carried out by space th seed satellite. The agronomic and quality characters of mutagenic effect of SP3 generation were and agronomic characters of SP4 generation were also analyzed. The results showed that plant traits, resistance of the 6 varieties in the SP1 generation had no obvious changes compared with the control group. Field observation showed that multiple main inflorescences, stem atrophy and small petals and other variants were found in SP2 generation. Some dwarf, big grain and other advantageous variants were selected from SP3 generation. There are also a number of erucic acid, glucosinolate and oil content rate change variant groups. In the SP4 generation, a high yield line, named TK407, was obtained. The yield of the line was 3 048.35 kg·hm-2. Effective pod number per plant was 365, seed per pod was 23.43, kilo-grain weight was 4.61g. Research shows that the variant plants can produced by space mkutation. The high yield and high quality varieties selected through the trarget traits and multiple generations after space mutation.