不同小麦品种开花后植株抗倒性变化规律

Variation in Lodging Resistance of Different Wheat Varieties after Anthesis

为了探讨小麦开花后茎秆抗倒性变化规律,选用生产中大面积推广种植的6个小麦品种为材料,在大田条件下用自制的作物抗倒伏强度电子测定仪测定了小麦单茎、群体抗倒伏强度。结果表明,6个小麦品种的单茎抗倒伏强度和群体抗倒伏强度在开花后均呈规律性变化。单茎抗倒伏强度的最大值出现在开花期,随着花后生育进程的推进呈明显递减趋势,成熟期茎秆抗倒性最弱。单茎抗倒强度与第二节间特性有密切关系。而群体抗倒伏强度在开花后呈先升后降的趋势,灌浆盛期较强。单茎、群体抗倒伏强度随时间的变化趋势可用一元三次多项式进行拟合,其决定系数均达到了极显著水平。参试的6个品种中,矮抗58、周麦22、周麦18的整体抗倒性较强。

Six high-yield wheat varieties widely used in production were selected to explore the variation of wheat lodging resistance after anthesis,and the single-stalk lodging resistance and population lodging resistance were measured by using the electronic instrument self-made.The results indicated that the lodging resistances of single-stalk and population of 6 varieties showed a strong regular variation after heading.The single-stalk lodging resistance was the highest at anthesis stage,and then decreased gradually along with the development of growth period until grain dough stage,which was the weakest at mature period.The population lodging resistance reached a maximum at the highly grain milk stage,and appeared a trend which was down after rise.The relationship between the single stem and group lodging resistance tested with development time could fit through the cubic equation with higher fitting degree,the coefficient of determination was significant.Aikang 58,Zhoumai 22 and Zhoumai 18 were with higher lodging resistance among the 6 varieties,and the result tested by the lodging resistance instrument was coincident with lodging index.