典型国家矿业权管理经验对我国矿政管理的启示

Typical countries' management experience about minning rights and the inspiration and thinking of China's mining administration

矿业权管理在保障国家矿产资源权益、维护正常的矿产资源勘查开发秩序、优化矿产资源配置和矿业权人合法权利等方面具有重要作用。我国虽然是矿产资源大国,但在矿业权管理方面起步较晚,存在经验不足等方面的问题。本文选择美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等矿业发达国家,从国内外矿业权制度、不同矿业权出让方式与矿业权市场管理进行梳理与比较,针对他国矿业权管理经验,结合我国矿业权管理现状,立足新形势对矿业权管理的新要求,提出五点建议:一是明确矿产资源各级部门的权责定位;二是推动风险勘查资本市场建设;三是完善法律法规,建立产权清晰的矿产资源开发制度;四是完善矿业权流转制度;五是综合考量社会经济发展与环境承载力等多方因素,合理规划矿产资源布局。通过提出以上五点看法以期能够为我国今后矿政管理工作带来一点启示。

In some aspects such as protecting of national interests and mining right legal rights ,keeping the normal order of mineral resources exploration and development ,optimizing the distribution of mineral resources ,mining right management plays an important role .As in our country mining right management started late ,there is lack of experience .This paper chose mining developed countries such as the United States ,Canada ,Australia ,comparing with the mining right market management and mining right management experience ,combined with the mining right management status in our country ,based on the new requirements of mining right management under the new situation ,puts forward five Suggestions ：firstly ,the mineral resources authorities and responsibilities should be clearly positioned ;secondly ,it is necessary to promote the construction of exploration risk capital market ;thirdly ,we could perfect the laws and regulations ,build system of clear property rights of mineral resources development ;fourthly ,to improve the system of mining right circulation is our duty ;lastly ,comprehensive factors such as social and economic development and environmental bearing capacity should be taken into consideration for planning mineral resources layout .＆amp;nbsp;This paper offerred the above views in order to inspire mine administration management for the future .