2010-2012年安徽省庐江县恶性肿瘤发病特征分析

Analysis of cancer prevalence in Lujiang county of Anhui Province during 2010-2012

目的研究安徽省合肥市庐江县2010-2012年恶性肿瘤发病情况,为该地区恶性肿瘤的防治提供依据。方法通过庐江县疾病预防控制中心的肿瘤发病网络报告系统收集2010-2012年庐江县恶性肿瘤的发病资料,统计和分析恶性肿瘤的粗发病率、标化发病率和年龄别发病率等指标。人口标准化率采用1982年中国人口构成和Segis世界标准人口构成进行计算。结果 2010-2012年庐江县共报告恶性肿瘤新发病例9 064例,年平均粗发病率为245.10/10万（男性为326.20/10万,女性为173.71/10万）,男女性别比为1.88∶1,男性年均发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=1 451.02,P〈0.01）。年均中标率为130.76/10万（男性为159.02/10万,女性为95.25/10万）,年均世标率为172.33/10万（男性为223.73/10万,女性为117.42/10万）。前10位主要恶性肿瘤依次为胃癌、食管癌、肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌、白血病、胰腺癌、子宫颈癌和脑癌。40岁以上人群恶性肿瘤发病有上升趋势,60～90岁为恶性肿瘤高发年龄段。结论消化系统肿瘤和肺癌仍是威胁庐江县居民健康的主要肿瘤,为该地区癌症预防控制重点。此外,还需重点关注结直肠癌、女性乳腺癌、男性肝癌的防治。

Objective To study the cancer prevalence of Lujiang county in Anhui Province during 2010-2012 and to provide the base for preventing cancers. Methods The data of cancer incidence in Lujiang county during 2010-2012 was collected from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Lujiang county. The crude morbidity, standardized morbidity and age-standardized morbidity of cancer were analyzed. The age-standardized morbidity of cancer was calculated with the Chinese standard population in 1982 and the Segis world standard population. Results The new cases of cancer reported during 2010-2012 were 9 064 cases. The average crude cancer incidence was 245.10/10^5（326.20/10^5 for males and 173.71/10^5 for females）.The sex ration of cancer incidences was 1.88（males）： 1（females）. The average crude cancer incidence in males was significantly higher than that in females（χ^2=1 451.02, P〈0.01）. The cancer incidence adjusted by the Chinese standard population was 130.76/105（159.02/10^5 for males and 95.25/10^5 for females）, the cancer incidence adjusted by the Segis world standard population was 172.33/10^5（223.73/10^5 for males and 117.42/10^5 for females）. The top ten common cancers were gastric cancer,esophageal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer and brain cancer. The cancer incidence increased with age in residents 40 years old, the cancer incidence in residents with 60-90 years old was the highest. Conclusion Gastrointestinal tumors and lung cancer are the most common cancers, the colorectal cancer, female breast cancer and male hepatic cancer should be concerned.