室温离子液体在受限区域内的研究进展

The Research Progress of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids in Confined Geometries

室温离子液体具有熔点低、蒸汽压低、电化学窗口宽、不易燃等优点,因此作为绿色溶剂在催化合成、电化学分析等领域有着广泛的应用,但是由于离子液体的尺寸相对较大,和体溶液相比,在受限区域内,离子液体的物化性质可能会发生改变,而且在与带电固体的界面处,其离子分布情况会比较复杂.对于离子液体来说,它在表界面的微观结构及行为会直接影响其物化性质,进而影响其在微纳尺度的应用等.该文针对离子液体在受限区域内的物化性质以及表界面结构的研究进展做一简单综述和探讨.

Room temperature ionic liquids have been widely studied as green solvents in the catalyzed synthesis,electrochemistry and so on,due to its intrinsic properties such as wide electrochemical window,non-flammability,low melting point and vapour pressure. Compared with the bulk ionic liquids,the physiochemical properties of ionic liquids probably have a change and the distribution of ions in the charged solid interface is complicated in the confined geometries because of the large size. However,the structures of ionic liquids near surface or interface are still unknown which result in the different physiochemical properties and consequent performances in nano confined space. A brief review and discussions for the physiochemical properties and the surface structures of ionic liquids in the confined geometries are given.