均匀磁场中初始静止的液态金属在电流作用下三维运动的数值研究

Numerical study of 3D motion of initially static liquid metal with steady horizontal current injected in a uniform magnetic field

液态金属在磁场中运动的研究在理论和应用方面都具有重要的意义.本文建立了在均匀磁场中初始时刻静止的液态金属流体的物理模型,并向其中通入水平方向的电流.采用数值方法研究当存在沿竖直方向的、沿水平方向且平行于电流方向和沿水平方向且垂直于电流方向的外加磁场三种情况下金属流体的三维运动特性.分析发现,电磁场的耦合作用会使原本静止的液态金属失稳并开始运动,还会从自由表面生发出大量的二次液块甚至细小的液滴.磁场的方向和强度、电流的方向和密度均会影响金属流体的运动形态.

Study on liquid metal motion in an applied magnetic field is of significance in theory and application. A model of initially static liquid metal in a uniform magnetic field is set up. A steady horizontal current is injected into the liquid metal and the 3D flow afterwards is numerically studied.Different magnetic field directions are considered in this work. Observations are given that electromagnetic（ EM） field coupling leads to instability of the liquid metal,and the free surface is draped and distorted. A lot of minor liquid breakup masses and droplets are separated from the surface when the EM field is strong enough. Different strengths and directions of the EM fields can bring about quite different situations.