贵州地方猪品种毛色与KIT基因拷贝数之间的关联分析

The Association Analysis of Copy Number of KITGene with Coat Color Trait in Guizhou Indigenous Pig Breeds

为了研究KIT基因的拷贝数与贵州地方猪毛色之间的关系,本试验以黔北黑猪、柯乐猪、糯谷猪、香猪4个地方品种为试验材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测基因组中KIT基因的拷贝数变异,并与荣昌猪和大白猪2个白毛色猪品种相比较。结果显示,4个贵州地方猪种中,全黑/全棕毛色个体的KIT基因拷贝数以缺失为主,黑色带白斑个体的KIT基因拷贝数全部缺失,而棕色带白个体的KIT基因拷贝数增加、正常各半。大白猪的KIT基因拷贝数显著增加,荣昌猪KIT基因拷贝数以正常类型为主。表明大白猪的白毛色由KIT基因拷贝数增加决定,但荣昌猪的白毛色可能与KIT基因的拷贝数变异之间没有直接的联系;4个贵州地方品猪的全黑/全棕色毛色与KIT基因拷贝数的缺失有关,但柯乐猪和香猪中带白斑个体的KIT基因拷贝数并未增加,提示贵州地方猪品种的白斑毛色的形成机制有一定的特殊性。

To investigate the association of various coat color phenotypes and copy number variation（CNV）of KIT gene in pig,four indigenous pig breeds originated from Guizhou province were chosen as samples using quantitative Real-time PCR（qPCR）method,which included Qianbei black,Kele,Nuogu and Xiang pig breeds,taking Yorkshire and Rongchang pig as controls.The results showed that the dominant status of KIT CNV were loss in four Guizhou indigenous pig breeds with black/brown coat color,the KIT CNV status in pigs with black and white patch were all lose,while the increasing and normal individuals with brown and white patch were half.The main CNV of KIT gene was gain in Yorkshire pig.However,the normal status was majority in Rongchang pig breed.It confirmed that the duplication of KITgene was the critical reason for the white coat in Yorkshire pig,but it might be not the case in Rongchang pig breed.In the four Guizhou indigenous pig breeds with black/brown coat,it might be associated with the loss of KIT gene copy.It was interested that the copy numbers of KITgene in Kele and Xiang pig with white patched coat were detected to lose one or two copies.It suggested that the white patched coatmight be unrelated with the copy number changes of KITgene with another special mechanism in Guizhou indigenous pig breeds.