社区获得性重症肺炎病原菌分布与耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia

目的了解社区获得性重症肺炎(SCAP)常见病原菌分布及其耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法 2006年7月-2013年7月134例SCAP住院患者于入院第1天采集痰液标本,对其分离的病原菌进行鉴定和药物敏感性试验,将结果进行分析。结果 7年调查1 610例患者,发生SCAP134例,发生率8.3%;共分离出病原菌34株,排前3位的病原菌依次为肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占35.5%、20.6%、17.6%;肺炎链球菌对莫西沙星较为敏感,对万古霉素敏感性为100.0%。结论 SCAP感染病原菌以肺炎链球菌为主,对多种抗菌药物耐药现象严重,临床应合理使用抗菌药物。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogens causing communi‐ty‐acquired pneumonia so as to provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics .METHODS A total of 134 patients with community‐acquired pneumonia who were hospitalized from Jul 2006 to Jul 2013 were enrolled in the study ,the sputum specimens were collected on the first day of admission to the hospital ,then the isolated patho‐gens were identified ,the drug susceptibility testing was performed ,and the results were analyzed .RESULTS Of totally 1610 patients investigated in the 7 years ,the community‐acquired pneumonia occurred in 134 cases ,with the incidence rate of 8 .3% .A total of 34 strains of pathogens have been isolated ,among which the Streptococcus pneumoniae ,Haemophilus influenzae ,and Staphylococcus aureus ranked the top three species ,accounting for 35 .5% ,20 .6% ,and 17 .6% ,respectively .The S .pneumoniae was highly susceptible to moxifloxacin ,and the drug susceptibility rate to vancomycin was 100 .0% .CONCLUSION The S .pneumoniae is the predominant species of pathogen causing community‐acquired pneumonia and is highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics .It is necessa‐ry for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics .