“文哏”相声的类型与程式(上)

“Wengen”Cross-talk: Types and Formulas

"文哏"相声是运用传统文化,以"说"为主,进行知识性、趣味性批解的相声艺术,包括四大名著为代表的经典小说类的批解、历史典故类的批解、诗词歌赋类的应对、蒙学及儒学经典类的批解等内容。"文哏"相声从人物身份、贯口到故事情节的设定都具有程式化的特点,分析其程式化的形成与内容特点对于相声的历史发展、文化价值和当前的相声创作和发展具有一定的意义。

＂Wengen＂ cross - talk is a traditional form of art with ＂speaking＂ as the main component combining knowledgeable and funny criticism and explanation; the criticism and explanation involve Four Classic Novels, historic allusions, poetry and verses, traditional Chinese primers and Confucian readers. This cross - talk has the features of formulas in terms of role identities, narration and plot; an analysis of features for its formation and contents is significant for the historic development and cultural values of cross - talks as well as the creation and development of contemporary cross - talks.