过渡金属催化的羧酸脱羧碳-杂原子偶联反应研究进展

Research Progress in Transition Metal-catalyzed Decarboxylation Carbon-Heteroatom Coupling

羧酸具有价廉、易得、易于运输存储等特点。与传统的有机金属试剂相比,羧酸经过渡金属催化脱羧后生成的有机金属中间体同样具有很好的与亲核试剂偶联或与亲电试剂反应的活性,以羧酸为反应试剂经脱羧与碳原子或杂原子偶联为化学键的构建提供了新的思路,尤为重要的是羧酸经脱羧偶联通常只产生一分子二氧化碳。大量的脱羧碳-碳、碳-杂键成键反应已被报道,其中包括SP碳羧酸、SP2碳羧酸、SP3碳羧酸。本文着重介绍羧酸脱羧与杂原子偶联反应,包括脱羧质子化、碳-氮、碳-氧、碳-硫、碳-硒、碳-卤、碳-磷键成键反应。

Carboxylic acid is cheap, easy to get, easy transportation and storage etc. Compared with traditional organic metallic reagent, metal organic intermediates generated from carboxylic acid through decarboxylation by the transition metal has the similar ability coupling with nucleophiles or reacting with electriphiles. Using carboxylic acid as reaction reagent provide a new idea for constructing carbon atom and heteroatom chemical bonds by catalytic decarboxylation, particularly important is the coupling process usually produce only one molecule of carbon dioxide as by-product. A lot of carbon-carbon, carbon-hetero coupling by decarboxylation have been reported, including SP carboxylic acid, SP2 carboxylic acid and SP3 carboxylic acid. This paper focuses on the introduction of carboxylic acid coupling with hetero atom, including decarboxylative protonation, carbon-nitrogen, carbon-oxygen, carbon-sulfur, carbon-selenium, carbon-halogen, carbon phosphorus bond formation.