生物炭对土壤养分及水分的影响

Effect of Biochar on Soil Nutrient and Moistrue

生物炭是在完全或部分缺氧条件下经生物质热解产生的一种难溶的固态物质,是含碳量高,结构稳定,孔隙大,吸附能力强,呈碱性的多用途材料。生物炭单独作为添加剂应用于土壤可以改善土壤理化性质,增加土壤持水能力,保持土壤养分,提高农作物的产量。与肥料混施,具有缓释功效,能延缓肥料在土壤中释放,降低养分的流失,提高肥料利用率。本文主要从生物炭特性以及生物炭对土壤理化性质、土壤持水能力、土壤养分等方面的影响展开综述,指出了目前研究中需要加强的方面,为生物炭在农业领域的应用推广提供了一些想法。

Biochar is an insoluble solid matter, being pyrolyzed by biomass in the condition of fully or partly hypoxie and is alkaline multi - purpose material of high carbon content, stable strueture, porosity, strong adsorption capacity. Bioehar can improye the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase soil water holding eapacity, keep the soil nutrient, and improve crop yield as an additive to soil. The mixture of biochar and fertilizer applied into the soil has the function of slowly release effect including delaying the release fertilizer in soil, reducing nu- trient loss and improving the utilization rate of fertilizer. This article deployment overview mainly from the biochar properties, effects of biochar on soil physical and chemical properties, soil water holding capacity and soil nutrient. It is pointed out that what needs to strength of the cur- rent research and provides some ideas for the application and popularization of bioehar in agrieuhural field.