动机归因论在信息搜索研究中的应用

The Application of Motivation Attribution Theory in the Research of Information Search

归因理论是指说明和分析人们活动因果关系的理论,人们用它来解释、控制和预测相关的环境,以及随这种环境而出现的行为。1970年开始,伯纳德发展和更新了这一理论,他认为影响信息搜索努力结果的因素是能力、努力、任务难度和运气。而寻求信息的动机取决于偶然因素被视为内部或外部,稳定或不稳定,可控或不可控的。这一研究结果可以用来检查信息搜索动机中遇到的障碍,同时对信息素养教育具有实际的理论指导作用。

Attribution theory refers to the description and analysis of causality theory of human activities, people use it to explain, control and predict related environment, and with this kind of environment. This theory, which was developed by Bernard Weiner in the 1970 s, suggests that the main causal factors affecting information seeking efforts are ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck. Motivation to seek information depends on whether the causal factors are seen as internal or external, stable or unstable, and controllable or uncontrollable. The study can be used to examine the motivators for information seeking and information avoidance, while it also can be used in information literacy education approaches.