四川地区供血浆人群经血传播病毒残余风险评估

Estimation of residual risk on blood-borne infections in Sichuan area

目的收集本公司所属四川省内供血浆人群流行病学数据,评估传播HBV,HCV,HIV的残余风险。方法用ELISA对2013年1月-2013年12月本公司所属四川省内单采血浆公司467388人份血浆标本进行HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV筛查,对筛查HBsAg阳性标本采用中和试验法确证,对筛查抗-HCV及抗-HIV阳性标本采用免疫印迹法确证。采用发病率-窗口期模型计算供血浆者HBV,HCV,HIV残余风险。结果首次供血浆者人群中HBV,HCV,HIV的感染率分别为1.890%,0.280%,0.037%,重复供血浆者人群HBV,HCV,HIV感染率分别为0.028%,0.008%,0.008%。调查的重复供血浆人群HBV,HCV,HIV的残余风险分别为1∶20097,1∶65876,1∶197628。结论调查的供血浆人群HBV,HCV和HIV的感染率及残余风险均在1个较低的、可接受的水平,重复供血浆人群的安全性明显高于首次供血浆人群。

Objectives To investigate the epidemiological data and to estimate the residual risk of HBV,HCV and HIV infection in Sichuanese donor population samples from Chengdu Rongsen Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.Methods 467 388 plasma donations（collected from January to December 2013） provided by Sichuan plasma centers from Chengdu Rongsen Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.were tested for HBs Ag,HCV antibody and HIV-1/ HIV-2 antibody by ELISA.Donations positive for HBs Ag were confirmed by neutralization test; donations positive for HCV antibody and HIV-1/ HIV-2 antibody were confirmed by WB test.Incidence-window period model was used to evaluate the residual risk of HBV,HCV and HIV infections.Results The prevalence of HBV,HCV and HIV in first-time tested donors was 1.890%,0.280% and 0.037%,respectively.The prevalence of HBV,HCV and HIV in repeat tested donors was 0.028%,0.008% and 0.008%,respectively.The residual risk of HBV,HCV and HIV in repeat tested donors was 1∶ 20 097,1∶ 65 876,1∶ 197 628,respectively.Conclusion The residual risk and prevalence of HBV,HCV and HIV in Sichuanese donor population was on a relatively low and acceptable level.Repeat tested donors experience higher levels of safety than first time tested donors.