马铃薯淀粉疏水化改性研究

Hydrophobic Modification of Potato Starch

目的通过正交实验找到淀粉疏水化改性的最佳实验方案和工艺条件。方法利用氧化法、交联法和酯化法对马铃薯淀粉进行疏水化改性;利用正交设计助手(Ⅱ)3.1筛选出制备改性淀粉的最佳实验条件组合,得到吸水率和黏度性能的最优方案为交联法;用SPSS13.0进一步对交联法实验数据进行单因素分析和方差分析。结果交联改性将马铃薯淀粉的吸水率降低了43.44%,在液体石蜡中的黏度降低了70.54%;综合考虑吸水率和黏度等2个指标及实际可操作性,得到最佳工艺条件:水浴温度为55℃,p H值为11,环氧氯丙烷和淀粉干基的质量比为1.5∶100,此时得到的疏水化改性淀粉吸水率为20.96%,黏度为156 m Pa·s。结论制备疏水化改性淀粉的最佳方法为交联法,并得到了最佳工艺条件,为提高淀粉疏水化性能的研究提供了依据。

To find the best experimental scheme and technological conditions for hydrophobic modification of potato starch. The experiment utilized oxidation, cross-linking and esterification methods for hydrophobic modification of potato starch. Orthogonal design assistant（II） 3.1 was used to screen the optimal combination of experimental conditions and the cross-linking method was found to be the best method after analyzing the water absorption and viscosity performance.SPSS13.0 was used to further analyze study the data coming from cross-linking experiments through single factor and variance analysis. After cross-linking modification, the water absorption rate of potato starch was decreased by 43.44%, and the viscosity in liquid paraffin was reduced by 70.54%. After overall consideration of water adsorption, viscosity and practical feasibility, the optimal process condition was determined to be： water bath temperature 55 ℃, p H 11, quality ratio of epoxy-chloropropane to dry basis of starch 1.5∶100. Under this process condition, the water absorption of the modified starch was 20.96%, and the viscosity was 156 m Pa·s. The best method for hydrophobic modification of potato starch was the cross-linking method. The optimal process condition was obtained, which provided reference for the research on improving the hydrophobicity of starch.