电磁轨道炮后坐过程研究

Research on Recoil Process of Electromagnetic Railgun

分析了电磁轨道炮发射时后坐运动的特征,将其运动分为3个时期:电枢膛内运动时期、电枢出膛后残余电能释放时期和惯性后坐时期;进一步将每个时期的后坐运动分为自由后坐运动与制退运动。分别分析3个时期身管后坐的运动特征,根据其运动方程与力平衡方程,结合内弹道计算结果与发射器总体设计参数求解各时期运动规律。以某口径电磁轨道炮为例,在初始后坐阻力10 k N,后坐总行程20 mm的前提下,计算得到后坐阻力常数为22.728 k N,后坐总时间为92.32 ms,获得了后坐运动曲线。计算方法及结果能够为电磁轨道炮制退机与复进机的设计提供一定的指导依据。

The railgun recoil motion characteristic in launching is analyzed. And the recoil motion can be divided into three periods by armature position： armature launching in bore period, residual electric energy release period and inertia recoil period. The motion of each period is decomposed into free recoil motion and restrain recoil motion. The barrel＇s recoil motion characteristic in each period is analyzed. The recoil motion law of each period is solved using the motion equation and the force balance equation,based on the internal ballistic calculation results and the design parameters of railgun. Taking a certain diameter electromagnetic railgun for example, on the premise of 10 kN for initial recoil resistance force, and 20 mm for total recoil distance, recoil resistance constant is calculated as 22. 728 kN, the total recoil time is 92.32 ms, and the recoil motion curve is obtained. The calculation method and results can provide the basis for designing the braker and recuperator of railgun.