两种供应模式下备件协同订购策略优化研究

Optimal Cooperative Ordering Policy for Spare Parts Inventory with Two Supply Modes

备件保障系统补充库存时,除实施常规补给外,还会采用紧急订购满足备件短缺需求,以减少装备故障停机时间。针对上述两种供应模式下多站点订购策略联合优化问题,建立了以复合备件满足率为约束、单位时间期望成本为目标函数的协同订购解析模型;基于拉格朗日因子和策略迭代方法,给出了一种启发式优化算法。为模拟备件保障过程,建立了相应蒙特卡罗仿真模型,并将解析模型优化结果与遗传算法优化的仿真模型进行了对比。结果分析表明,解析模型不仅能够提供近似最优解,而且具有良好的运算效率。

In order to satisfy the demands of inventory system on the spare parts, an emergency order is implemented to cover the shortage of regular order and reduce equipment downtime in case of stock-outs. A cooperative-ordering model, which takes compound fill rate as the constraints and expected cost per unit time as objective function, is established to solve the joint optimization problem for multi-location order policy in the two supply modes. A heuristic algorithm is developed to optimize the proposed model on basis of Lagrangian factor and policy-iteration algorithm. The Monte-Carlo simulation model is presented to prescribe the demand and order behaviors. The analytical model is compared with genetic-algorithm- optimized simulation model in a set of designed experiments. The results show the analytical model derives near-optimal solution and operates with high efficiency.