水电站蓝水足迹的计算分析与探讨

Calculation Analysis and Discussion of Blue Water Footprint for Hydropower Station

为合理评估水电开发利用过程消耗水资源的问题,计算了我国已建283座大中型水电站的总蓝水足迹及其平均值,同时根据气候区域及水电基地的不同将这些水电站划分为7个气候分区和13个水电基地,并分别计算其平均蓝水足迹。结果表明,由于气候分区及所在水电基地的不同,所统计水电站的平均蓝水足迹差异较大,但总体上平均蓝水足迹较小。通过分析计算结果合理性及敏感性,得出水电站蓝水足迹的变化主要取决于水电站和水库的参数。说明蓝水足迹可作为水电站规划与运行期间的一个指标,为我国水资源的科学管理及合理开发提供了理论依据。

In order to reasonably evaluate the problem of water resources consumption in the process of hydropower development and utilization in China,this paper calculates the average and total blue water footprint of 283 large and medium-sized hydropower stations.According to the differences of climate areas and hydropower bases in the hydropower stations,average blue water footprint of seven climate partition and thirteen hydropower bases are calculated.The results show that the diversity of climate partition and hydropower bases lead to the large difference of average blue water footprint of different hydropower stations.In general,the average blue water footprint is large.Finally,the rationality and sensitivity analysis of the calculation results proves that the change of the blue water footprint mainly depends on the parameters of the hydropower station and reservoir.Therefore,the results show that blue water footprint can be regarded as an indicator of hydropower station planning and operation,which provides theoretical basis for scientific management and reasonable development of water resources in China.