论花卉、花卉美和花卉文化

On Flowers,Beauty of Flowers and Flower Culture

花卉是所有观赏植物的通称,所指以观花植物为主。同样的意义,古人多称"花木",民国以来改用"花卉"一词为主。花卉美分为"色"、"香"、"姿"、"韵"四个方面的说法不够全面,花卉美应该包括"形色美"、"风韵美"、"情意美"三大方面。"形色美"分色彩、气味、形态、习性四个方面,是花卉生物形象的具体元素。"风韵美"是花卉植物有机整体或主要部分体现的个性风采和本质特征,而"情意美"则是人的情感、志趣等主观内容的渗透和寄托,具体又有情感、志趣和意义三种内容。花卉文化以花卉的审美活动为核心,其丰富的现象可以大致分为资源技术、欣赏认识、社会应用、文学艺术四大方面。花卉文化的研究应从这四个方面全面展开,争取理科与文科,总论与各论,广度与深度,文化志、文化史与"文化性"研究的协同推进和有机结合。

The flowers are the generic term for all ornamental plants and flowering plants are mainly in all flowers. The ancient Chinese call it flowers and trees as the same meaning and modern Chinese call it flowers since the Republic of China. The parlance of flower beauty containing color,flavor,posture and charm is not comprehensive enough. Flower beauty should be divided into beauty of shape and color,beauty of charm and beauty of emotion and interest. The beauty of shape and charm contains color,smell,posture and habit,which is specific element of flowers＇ biological image. The beauty of charm is the personality style and essential characteristics reflected by main parts of flowers. The beauty of emotion and interest is infiltration and sustenance of subjective contents such as human＇s emotion,interest and so on,which contains emotion,interest and meaning. Flowers culture＇s core is the aesthetic activities of flowers,and the abundant phenomena can be divided into resources and technology,appreciation and understanding,social application,and literature and art. The study of flowers culture needs to promote collaboration and integration of arts and science,pandect and apiece theory,breadth and depth,cultural records and history and cultural study.