足月妊娠羊水过少患者羊膜和胎盘的组织病理学及组织化学变化

Histopathology and Histochemistry Changes of Amnion and Placenta with Oligohydramnios in Full Term Pregnancy

目的:探讨足月妊娠羊水过少患者的羊膜和胎盘的组织化学反应变化。方法:取足月分娩正常量羊水和羊水过少患者的羊膜和胎盘各15例,标本经10%甲醛固定,常规石蜡制片,分别进行HE和阿利新蓝-多糖(AB-PAS)法染色,光镜观察并进行形态计量学分析。结果:羊水过少羊膜细胞出现固缩、空泡变甚至鳞状化生,胞质内PAS阳性颗粒减少;胎盘滋养层细胞PAS反应明显减弱阳性颗粒缺失,合体结节增多,绒毛中轴毛细血管基膜多增厚,血管合体膜增厚等。结论:羊膜上皮形变、老化,糖原缺乏、血管合体膜增厚、合体结节增多,参与羊水过少的病理生理过程。

Objective：To explore the histopathologic and histochemistic changes of amniotic membrane and placenta with oligohydramnios in term pregnancy.Method：Amniotic membrane and placenta with normal amount amniotic fluid and oligohydramnios 15 cases in each group.The martial undergone fixation with 10% formaldehyde and routine paraffin section, HE staining and AB-PAS reaction.The slices were observed under light microscope and some index of the morphomatry acquired.Result：The amniotic cells of oligohydramnios became shriek and vesicle, even stratified metaplasia, PAS granules were reduced in their cytoplasm.Syncytail knots increased.AB-PAS reaction became weaken because of glycogen granules in cytoplasm were rare, the basement membrane of the capillaries at the villi became vary thinker, all these changes point on aging and disfunction.Conclusion：The histopathologic changes and glycogen reduce in amniotic cells, and number of syncytail knot raise, thinker vasculosyncytial membrane and rare glycogen et al in placenta villi take part in the pathological and physiological process of the oligohydramnios.