聚多巴胺在生物材料表面改性中的应用

Application of Polydopamine in Surface Modification of Biomaterials

海洋生物贻贝通过其足腺分泌的具有超强黏附性能的蛋白,可在海水等潮湿环境中牢固黏附在各种材料的表面。受此黏附蛋白的启发,研究发现聚多巴胺(PDA)具有类似于贻贝黏附蛋白的结构和超强黏附性能。在碱性条件下,PDA可在各种材料的表面迅速成膜,其中含有大量亲水的羟基和氨基官能团,可提高材料表面的亲水性和化学多功能性;PDA可作为中间层,在基底材料表面强力结合功能分子。由于PDA的形成过程简单且不需要有机溶剂,近年来常被应用于材料的表面改性。此外,由于PDA可促进细胞的黏附,具有良好的生物相容性,在生物材料表面改性中也有较多的应用。本文将综述PDA的黏附机理及其在生物材料表面改性中的应用,并提出PDA在生物材料表面改性应用中的展望及研究过程中存在的问题,为PDA在生物材料和组织工程中的应用提供参考。

Inspired by the strong adhesive proteins secreted by mussels for attachment onto a wide range of substrates in wet condition, some reports indicated that polydopamine （PDA） possesses the similar structure and strong adhesion to those of adhesive proteins. PDA film can be formed on the surface of substrate in alkaline solution expeditiously, which results in the improvement of the hydrophily and the chemical versatility of substrate due to the hydrophilic hydroxyl and amino groups of PDA. The PDA layer can be used as an intermediate to anchor functional molecules on the surface through chemical bonds （by Michael addition or Schiff base reaction） or other physical bonds （hydrogen bond or van der Waals＇ force）. PDA surface modification strategy is extremely useful because the process is simple and solvent-free. Moreover, due to the improvement of cell adhesion and biocompatibility, PDA has been widely used in surface modification of biomaterials. In this review, adhesive mechanism and application of PDA in surface modification of biomaterials have been summarized. In addition, the problems existed and the promising prospects of the application of PDA in biomaterials are pointed out. This review also provides useful information for the potential application of PDA in biomaterials and tissue engineering.