不同氮磷钾用量对甘蔗产质量的影响

Effect of Different NPK Ratio on Sugarcane Growth

在旱地甘蔗生产上,进行了5个处理的氮磷钾和复合肥不同配比试验,以探讨投入与产出的最佳施肥水平。结果表明,不同施肥水平对甘蔗产量和品质的表现不同,其中,处理C施肥水平经济效益最高,其工、农业产值分别为82140元/hm2与47796元/hm2,较对照处理B工业产值77272.5/hm2增值4867.5元/hm2,增幅6.3%;较对照农业产值44680.5/hm2增收3115.5元/hm2,增幅6.6%;另外,处理A总投入金额最少,亦能满足甘蔗正常生长,因此投入1元的肥料成本即可带来5.0元的收入。因此,处理C与处理A的施肥方案对加速旱地甘蔗生长发育,提高产量及改善品质、降低成本和提高肥料的经济效益均具有一定作用,对蔗农和制糖企业都有利,可大力推广该施肥方案。而施用处理D、E产量及产糖量均较对照低,说明该施肥方案可在一定程度上抑制甘蔗的产量及品质,对农业增收、企业增效不利,不建议在甘蔗生产上推广该种施肥方法。

Five treatments of different NPK ratio and compound fertilizer amount were conducted on non-irrigated sugarcane farmland. The results showed that sugarcane production at the different fertilization levels in yield and quality of performance was different. Economic efficiency of treatment C was the highest, its industrial and agricultural output was 82,140 yuan（RMB）/ha and 47,796 yuan（RMB）/ha, increased by 4867.5 yuan（RMB）/ha（6.3%） and 3115.5 yuan（RMB）/ha（6.6%） in comparison with the treatment B（CK）. Total investment amount of treatment A was the least for a normal growth of sugarcane. Therefore, both of the treatment C and the treatment A could reduce costs and improve sugarcane growth, yield, quality and economic efficiency. The cane yield and sugar yield for treatment D and E were low in comparison with the control, and the fertilization program might inhibit the yield and quality in sugar cane growth.