外生减排政策约束下企业最优生产决策分析

Firm's Optimal Production Decision with Exogenous Abatement Policy

通过构建企业利润最大化的动态最优控制模型,分析了企业分别在单一碳限额政策、单一碳税政策,以及由碳税和碳限额组成的混合政策下的生产决策问题。研究表明,相对于单一碳限额政策,混合政策能更早实现目标碳限额量;而相对于单一碳税政策,混合政策下的CO2排放量更小。企业产量在单一碳税政策下随碳税率的递增而递减,而在混合政策下存在碳税率阈值,政府制定的碳税率大于(小于)该阈值时,企业产量随碳税率的增加而增加(减少);最后通过数值模拟验证了所得结论的有效性。

An optimal control model was established to maximize the firm＇ s profits. The firm＇ s optimal production decision was analyzed under three different exogenous abatement policies： the carbon tax policy,the carbon constraints policy,and the hybrid policy of carbon tax and carbon constraints. The results indicate that the firm＇s CO2 emissions under the hybrid policy reach the carbon constraints earlier than that under the carbon constraints policy,and CO2 emissions under the hybrid policy are less than that under the carbon tax policy. In addition,the firm＇s outputs are declining with the increase of carbon tax rate under the carbon tax policy. However,under the hybrid policy,there exists a threshold. When the carbon tax rate designed by the government is more（ less） than this threshold,the firm＇s output are increasing（ decreasing） with the increase of carbon tax rate. Finally,one numerical example was given to illustrate the effectiveness of these proposed models.