早期肠内营养在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用

Application of early enteral nutrition support in patients with severe craniocerebral injury

目的观察早期肠内营养支持在重型颅脑损伤患者中的应用价值。方法选择2012年5月~2013年12月收治的60例重型颅脑损伤患者,以住院号尾数的双号和单号分为观察组30例,对照组30例。观察组患者入ICU后在病情允许且无禁忌证的情况下,给予早期肠内营养支持;对照组患者则给予传统的静脉营养。疗程结束后比较两组营养支持前后的各项指标及并发症发生情况。结果营养治疗2周后两组患者血红蛋白、白蛋白、人体测量学指标均有一定的提升,且观察组增加幅度明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）;观察组导管相关性感染、肺部感染、腹泻、食物反流等并发症总发生率低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论早期肠内营养支持能较好地改善重型颅脑损伤患者的营养状况,并能减少并发症的发生。

Objective To observe application value of early enteral nutrition support in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods 60 cases of severe craniocerebral injury admitted to hospital from May,2012 to December,2013 were selected. All patients were divided into treatment group and control group according to odevity of the last number of admission number with 30 cases in each group.After entering ICU, the treatment group were given early enteral nutrition support if situation was permitted and there were no contraindications ,while the control group were given traditional parenteral nutrition.Various indexes and complications before and after nutrition support were compared between groups after treatment.Results Hemoglobin, albumin and anthropometric indexes of both groups increased after two weeks of nutritional treatment, and those of the treatment group increased more significantly（ P〈0.05 ） ;total incidence of the complications in the observation group such as catheter related infections, lung infections, diarrhea, food reflux were lower than those of the control group, so the difference was statistically significant（ P〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Early enteral nutrition support can significantly improve the nutritional status of patients with severe craniocerebral injury, and reduce occurrence of complications.