蓝莓花色苷提取工艺及其抗氧化性研究

Study on Extraction and Oxidation Resistance of Anthocyanins from Blueberry

以蓝莓为原料,采用溶剂萃取法提取蓝莓花色苷,通过单因素和正交试验确定其最佳提取工艺条件。并以VC为对照,研究花色苷清除超氧阴离子自由基（O2^-·）、DPPH自由基、羟自由基（·OH）和抗油脂氧化、还原力等抗氧化活性。结果表明,溶剂法提取蓝莓花色苷的最佳工艺条件为：提取溶剂80%乙醇,液料比15∶1（m L·g^-1）,p H 3,温度40℃,提取70 min,蓝莓花色苷的色价最高。蓝莓花色苷具有很好的抗氧化性,其抗氧化能力随浓度的增大而提高,花色苷对油脂的抗氧化能力比VC的效果稍好;花色苷的还原力低于同浓度的VC,VC的还原力是花色苷的1.7倍;0.1%和0.5%的花色苷对·OH的清除率高于相同浓度的VC,但是0.2%-0.4%浓度的VC比相同浓度花色苷的效果稍好;相同浓度下,VC对O2^-·的清除能力明显好于花色苷,是花色苷的1.54倍;蓝莓花色苷对DPPH自由基的清除效果好于同浓度的VC,是VC的1.07倍。

Anthocyanin was extracted with ethanol from blueberry. The optimum extraction conditions were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The oxidation resistant of blueberry anthocyanins such as scavenging activities on superoxide anion radical, DPPH radical and hydroxyl free radical, anti-lipid peroxidation activity and reducing power were studied. The results showed that, the extraction conditions were examined and the maximal extraction rate was obtained when extracted with 80% ethanol and liquid-solid ratio was 15 ∶1 at 40 ℃ and p H 3 for 70 min.Blueberry anthocyanins had good oxidation resistance. The effect of oxidation resistance was enhanced with increasing of concentration. The oxidation resistance of anthocyanin on the oil was slightly better than VC. The reducing power of anthocyanin was lower than the same concentration of VC. The reducing power of VC was 1.7 times of anthocyanins.The hydroxyl radical scavenging rates of 0.1% and 0.5% of anthocyanins were better than the same concentration of VC, but the effect 0.2% -0.4% of VC were better than the same concentration of anthocyanins. Under the same concentration, superoxide anion radical scavenging of VC was significantly better than anthocyanins, and it was 1.54 times of anthocyanins. Scavenging effect on DPPH radical of blueberry anthocyanins was better than the same concentration of VC, and it was 1.07 times of anthocyanins.