我国高新技术产业省区差异与投入绩效实证研究

An Empirical Study on Provincial Differences and Investment Performance in China's High-Tech Industries

通过对我国各省区高新技术产业发展现状进行聚类分析,将全国31个省区分成发达省区,中等发达程度省区和欠发达省区三类,以此引入区域虚拟变量,对我国高新技术产业进行省区差异和要素投入绩效分析,得出结论:1我国高新技术产业投入绩效省区差异明显,中等发达程度省区和欠发达省区各要素产出总和弹性(斜率项)低于发达省区,但其全要素生产率和技术进步效果(截距项)高于发达省区;2各要素的产出弹性大小排序是投资、RD人员投入、新产品产值、出口(欠发达省区为负,其它省区为正)、RD内部经费(负)。其相应建议是:1从区域的角度来看,对于中等发达程度省区和欠发达省区,需要从促进区域技术进步的战略高度,促进高新技术产业发展,克服投入产出总和弹性低于发达省区;2从各投入要素的角度来看,需要改善投融资环境,促进产业资本形成;加大创新人才培养力度;提高RD经费使用效率;提高对外开放度和外贸市场开拓力度;加大新产品开发力度等。

Through the cluster analysis of current development situation on China’s high-tech industries, 31 provinces in China are divided into three regions, namely the developed, medium- developed and under- developed provinces. By means of introducing the regional dummy variables, the following conclusions are reached through a performance analysis of regional differences and factor inputs in High- tech industries.（1） An obvious statistic difference of inputoutput performance among provinces is existed in China’s high-tech industries： for the sum of output elasticity（items of the slope）, medium- developed and under- developed provinces are lower than the developed provinces; but for the TFP and improvement of technology（items of the intercept）, they are higher than the developed provinces.（2） The rank of size of output elasticity is listed as the follows： investment, R＆D personnel investment, output value of new products,exports（The under- developed provinces are negative and others arepositive） and R＆D internal funding（It is negative）.Meanwhile, the following suggestions are put forward：（1） From the aspect of regions, the medium-developed provinces and under-developed provinces need to promote the development of high-tech industries to overcome the lower situation of the sum of input-output elasticity than the developed provinces from a strategic height of improvement of. technology（2） From the angle of factor inputs, we need to perform the following measurements to improve the environment of investment and financing, promote the formation of industry capital, to increase the efforts of the cultivation of innovative talents, to improve the use of efficiency of R＆D funds, to improve the degree of opening to the outside world and the foreign trade markets andto increase the intensity of development of new products.