基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的土地城镇化水平时空测度研究——以环渤海地区为例

The Spatial-Temporal Measurement on the Land Urbanization Level Using DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Data——A Case Study of Bohai Rim

在遥感和GIS技术支持下,发展出一种基于长时间序列DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的土地城镇化水平测度方法,并以环渤海地区为例进行1992—2010逐年土地城镇化水平时空测度研究。结果表明,在1992—2010年间:1基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据提取的城镇用地信息总体精度和Kappa系数平均值分别达到了88.11%和0.61,能较好地反映区域城镇发展的实际情况,具有一定的可信度;2从总体上看,环渤海地区土地城镇化水平增长迅速,由1992年的0.82%增至2010年的3.20%,年均增长率指数为7.80%;3从区域差异上看,环渤海地区三大城市群之间、滨海城市与非滨海城市之间、距海岸线不同距离的区域之间土地城镇化水平差异显著并呈进一步扩大趋势;4从空间特征上看,土地城镇化水平高值区呈现出一定的向海性。本研究可为快速有效地测度分析区域土地城镇化水平,进而调整和优化区域城镇化格局,推进区域新型城镇化建设提供决策参考。

Based on remote sensing and GIS technology, a method for measuring the land urbanization level using DMSP/OLS nighttime light data was proposed, and then the land urbanization level in Bohai Rim from 1992 to 2010 was measured. The conclusions are as follows.（1） The urban land in Bohai Rim from 1992 to 2010 was extracted from DMSP/OLS nighttime light data with an average overall accuracy of 88.11% and an average Kappa of 0.61. It can well reflect the real status of regional urban land change with a certain level of reliability.（2） In general, the land urbanization level in Bohai Rim increased rapidly from 0.82% in 1992 to 3.20% in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 7.80%.（3） The regional differences of land urbanization levels among urban agglomerations, cities with different distances to the coastline, between coastal cities and other cities, were significant and exhibited a growing trend from 1992 to 2010.（4）The regions with high level of land urbanization show a spatial character of locating close to the coast. This research can contribute to quick and effective measurement of regional land urbanization level, and provide decision-making reference for the optimization of regional urban patterns and the construction of the new-type urbanization.