空巢村治理与现代农业可持续发展研究——以湖南省5县农村空巢村为例

Research on empty nest village governance and modern agriculture sustainable development:A case study of empty nest villages in 5 counties in Hunan Province

随着农村青壮年的外出打工,驻守在家的老幼妇孺由于精力体力等影响没有把自家的田土全部利用起来,使得大量田土被荒废,加上文化水平的限制,在现代农业可持续发展面前显得非常脆弱。空巢村对现代农业可持续发展影响深远,加强空巢村治理在现代农业可持续发展中的作用和地位重大。通过对湖南省5县样本空巢村进行了调研,了解了其现代农业可持续发展的脉络。只有对制约现代农业可持续发展的空巢村进行有效解锁,方可实现现代农业可持续发展,具体解锁路径有强化村官管理,杜绝村官空巢;重视农村教育,培育新型农民;提高农民组织化程度,大力实施培优工程;加强农机研发,促进农技转化;调整产业结构,增加就业机会;大力发展生态农业,探索生态农业模式;加大资金投入,改善公共产品结构;用活土地政策,发挥土地效应等。

After young generation moved away from rural areas to big cities for more job opportunities, those left in rural areas the old, children, and women, who were not able to utilize all the available lands to grow crops because of their physical constrains. A massive crop lands were unplanted. In addition, their limited literacy level cannot meet the urgent requirement for the sustainable development of modern agriculture. Empty nest villages had far-reaching impacts on the sustainable development of modern agriculture. Strengthening the governance of empty nest village plays a critical role in the sustainable development of modern agriculture. The analysis of selected empty nest villages of 5 counties in Htman Province shows that empty nest villages deeply restricted the sustainable development of modern agriculture. In order to realize the sustainable development of modern agriculture, some measures must be taken, including strengthening the management of village leaders, prohibiting village leaders moving out, paying attention to the rural education, cultivating new farmers, improving the organization degree of farmers, vigorously implementing the superiority projects, strengthening the agricultural machine development, promoting new agricultural technology transformation, adjusting the industrial structure, increasing employment opportunities, vigorously developing ecological agriculture, exploring ecological agriculture mode, increasing capital invesanent, improving rural infrastructure, reforming the land policy, and realizing land capitalizing effects.