涉农工业企业科技创新能力分析

Analysis on science and technology innovation capability of Chinese agro-industrial enterprises

采用2004-2010年大中型工业企业科技统计数据,比较分析了涉农工业企业与全国工业企业在研发(R&D)人员与经费投入、专利申请、经济效益等方面的差距,探讨了涉农工业企业科技创新的能力与发展趋势。结果表明,7年间涉农工业企业R&D人员全时当量和经费支出年均增长率分别为16.9%和22.4%;专利申请数、发明专利申请数和有效专利数年均增长率分别为24.5%、28.1%和25.9%。随着科技创新投入增加,科研产出快速提高,其对企业经济发展的贡献也不断增强,新产品占销售收入和出口销售收入的比重分别由9.0%和6.8%提高至11.2%和10.7%。然而,与全国工业企业平均水平相比,涉农工业企业科技投入增速、科技创新对企业效益的贡献要略低,尤其是在具有强国际竞争力的新产品研发上差距较大。提出了涉农工业企业要加大科技创新投入,加强成果转化,提升科技创新水平等建议措施,从而提升企业的市场竞争力。

The science and technology（S＆T） statistics of large and medium industrial enterprises in 2004-2010 were used. We analyzed the differences between agro-industrial enterprises and national industrial enterprises in investment of research and development （R＆D） funding and staff, patent applications, economic benefit of new products. And the capability and its trends of S＆T innovation of agro-industrial enterprises were discussed. The results indicated that the R＆D personnel full time equivalent and R＆D funding increased by 16.9% and 22.4% per year during the 7 years, respectively. As a result, the research outputs and its economic benefit increased obviously. That the patent application, patent of invention application and patents number of agro-industrial enterprises increased by 24.5%, 28.1% and 25.9% per year during the 7 years, respectively. Moreover, the proportions of new products in sale revenue and export revenue were increased from 9.0% to 11.2% and from 6.8% to 10.7% during the 7 years, respectively. However, compared with the average level of national industrial enterprises, the gaps in S＆T innovation inputs and its economic benefit, especially in new products with international competitiveness were observed. Therefore, further increase in S＆T investment, aggrandizement in S＆T achievements transformation and improvement of S＆T innovation quality was needed for promoting the competitive force of agro-industrial enterprises.