猪粪添加稻草对高温堆肥腐熟进程及物质变化的影响

Impacts of rice straw addition in pig manure on decomposition progress and nutrient change in thermophilic composting process

以猪粪和水稻秸秆为材料,采用发酵槽内堆置,分别设置低量秸秆、高量秸秆和纯猪粪三个处理,分析堆肥33天过程中的物理、化学和纤维素类等指标的变化,探讨堆肥过程中添加不同比例的水稻秸秆对堆肥特性的影响。结果表明,添加高量秸秆堆肥处理的升温速率最佳,纯猪粪处理的水分散失率大于其他两个处理。堆肥结束时,各处理的p H值为8.46-8.66,电导率稳定在1.4-2.4 ms/cm,E4/E6降至3.12-3.37,堆肥达到了腐熟;高量秸秆处理的(终点C/N)/(初始C/N)介于0.53-0.72,其堆肥效果较好、腐熟程度较高。各处理堆肥产品的全磷含量均有提高;纯猪粪处理的纤维素、木质素和半纤维素的总降解率均高于其他两个处理。整体来说,添加高量秸秆处理腐熟速度较快,且效果较好,这可为猪粪快速资源化利用和猪粪堆肥产品质量的提高提供科学依据。

The pig manure and rice straw were used as materials for thermophilic composting in this study. They were stacked in the fermentation cubes with the following three treatments： low rice straw addition （LRS）, high rice straw addition （HRS） and pure pig manure （PPM）. The physical, chemical and cellulose degradation indices were measured during a 33-day composting process to investigate the effects office straw addition on the characteristics of compost. The results showed that the heating velocity of the HRS treatment was the highest, while the moisture loss velocity of the PPM treatment was greater than the rest treatments. At the end of composting process, the pH values ranged from 8.46 to 8.66, the electrical conductivity was in 1.4-2.4 ms/cm, and the E/E6 declined to 3.12-3.17, indicating that a complete composting process was achieved. The ratio of the final C/N and the initial C/N ratios for the HRS treatment was in the range of 0.53-0.72 with better decomposition effectiveness. The total phosphorus content of the compost product in all treatments was increased. The apparent degradation rates of cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses in the PPM treatment were higher than the other treatments. In conclusion, the present study found that the HRS treatment had the faster decomposition rate and the better compost product quality, and it may provide a scientific basis for the effective pig manure utilization and the product quality improvement of pig manure composting.