工程研究中心发展的中美差异分析及其思考和启示

Differences between China and US in Development of Engineering Centers,Their Reflections and Inspirations

工程研究中心是指建立在大学或研究机构中集工程技术研究、工程教育、企业合作、技术转移于一体的跨学科交叉合作平台,是科研机构联系和沟通市场的桥梁和纽带。文章以美国工程研究中心为例,从起源背景、发展历程、经费支持、运行机制和取得的成果等方面,详细介绍了其30年的发展过程与变革;同时介绍了我国工程研究中心在推动技术转移转化与产业化应用方面取得的成果以及在实际建设和运行中存在的问题。在此基础上,对比了中、美两国工程研究中心在战略目标、组织运行、经费支持、企业参与、文化建设等方面的差异,剖析了形成的原因,并对我国工程研究中心未来的发展提出了建议。

Engineering Center is a cooperation platform for interdisciplinary that combines the engineering and technology research, engineering education, enterprise cooperation, and technology transfer. As a bridge and link of contacts and communication between research institutes and market, it is established at universities and research institutions. Taking the engineering centers in the United States as examples, this paper introduces 30 years of development and reform of the engineering centers in the United States in detail in perspectives of their origin background, development, funding, operations, and results achieved. At the same time, China＇ s achievements of engineering center in promoting the commercialization and industrialization of technology transfer are introduced as well. It is also pointed out that the construction and operation of engineering centers in China do not adapt well to our economic and social development. Based on these introductions, the differences between China and US are analyzed in terms of strategic objective, organization operation, funding, en- terprises to participate, and cultural construction. The causes forming these differences are found out, the experiences and lessons of construction and development of the engineering research center in China are considered thoroughly, and some suggestions for the future development are put forward.