从航运角度看三峡工程建设的成功经验

Successful experience of Three Gorges project construction as viewed from navigation

三峡工程是一项伟大而复杂的工程。从工程论证到设计、施工,业界曾针对其通航技术中存在的大量问题进行过研究和讨论,问题得到了较好的解决。三峡大坝建成后,工程综合效益正在发挥,且川江运量一直在快速增长。实践表明,当初在三峡工程建设时机的决策、三峡水库特征水位的选定、三峡通航建筑物规模和布置设计的优化、通航尺度标准及其保障措施的论证确定、施工期通航方案的认定与实践以及三峡水库调度方案的优化等问题上所做的工作及其成果都是有效的。从航运角度论述了三峡工程建设的成功经验,为今后类似工程建设提供借鉴。

The Three Gorges project is a large and complex project.From project justification to design and construction,a lot of problems with its navigation technique were studied and discussed.At that time,the experts and technicians of the navigation department made unremitting efforts and found better solutions.The Three Gorges dam was completed and at present the comprehensive benefits of the project are being brought into play.In recent years,the amount of traffic in Chuanjiang river section has been increasing rapidly.The work and its accomplishments in the earlier period,such as the decision-making of the project construction time,the selection of reservoir characteristic levels,the optimization of configuration and layout of navigation structures,the justification and determination of navigation channel dimensions and its maintenance measures,the identification and implementation of navigation scheme during construction period,as well as the optimization of reservoir operation program,etc,are all effective.This paper attempts to discuss the successful experience of the Three Gorges project construction as viewed from navigation,which may be helpful to similar project construction in the future.