粘声波动方程补偿偏移

Visco-acoustic Wave Equation Migration with Compensation

在地震勘探中决定地震分辨率的关键是获取的反射信号的有效频带宽度,而信号传播过程中由于地层吸收的作用有部分能量被衰减,特别是高频成份的衰减是反射信号频带宽度变窄的主要因素。因此,补偿能量的扩散和衰减,提高反射信号的高频能量,拓展地震记录的有效频带宽度,对提高地震分辨率具有重要意义,这是高分辨率勘探技术进一步发展所必须要解决的关键问题之一。常规的标量波动方程延拓只是考虑了地震波的几何传播规律,没考虑能量的衰减和扩散[1]。因此本文使用粘声波动方程来进行波场延拓,将偏移和能量补偿结合在一起,理论上证实了此方法可以很好地补偿能量的衰减和扩散。

The key to decide the seismic resolution in exploration is to obtain the effective frequency band width of the signal. However, in the process of transmission, the energy attenuate because of the absorption, especially the component of high frequency. Therefore, the way to improve the high frequency energy and to expand the effective frequency band width of the signal is to compensate the diffusion and attenuation, which is important to the seismic resolution and the key to the development of high resolution exploration. Conventional scalar wave equation continuation only considers the geometric law of seismic wave, ignoring the diffusion and attenuation. Therefore, in this paper, we use the visco-acoustic wave equation,combining the migration and compensation. The result proves that the theory is effective.