生命伦理的差序性与治疗性克隆伦理困境的破解

The Differentiation of Bioethics and Solutions to the Dilemma of Therapeutic Cloning

生命伦理的差序性是指生命伦理观念的差异性和生命伦理地位的等级性、顺序性。由于治疗性克隆涉及对人类早期胚胎的破坏和利用,人们对胚胎能否享有人的道德主体地位,或是否享有与患者同等的道德权利产生了分歧,这种分歧源于是否承认生命伦理的差序性。因而,只有从生命伦理的差序性出发,以后现代伦理思想为指导,积极开展伦理辨析,进行生命伦理思想的交流、调适,采取伦理宽容态度,并经历长期交互对话与协调的伦理实践过程,治疗性克隆伦理的困境才能在短期内缓和,在长期内逐渐趋于消解。

The differentiation of bioethics refers to the difference of ethic notions as well as the hierarchy and sequentiality of bioethics. As therapeutic cloning concerns the damage and use of human early embryos, there are contentious arguments on whether embryos have the same moral rights as human beings or whether they share the same moral rights as patients. This dispute comes from whether the differentiation of bioethics should be acknowledged. Therefore, the solution to the dilemma of therapeutic cloning lies in the active discussion, communication and adaptation of bioethical thoughts as well as the adoption of the ethical tolerance and the guidance of postmodern ethics thought. The dilemma of therapeutic cloning will be moderated in short terms and solved in long terms through the long-term practice of ethical discourse and coordination.