文艺复兴时期西欧医生职业形象探略

Professional Image of Renaissance Doctors in Western Europe

医疗社会史视角下的医生职业形象问题已不是单纯的医疗技术问题,也是事关医德、医疗管理及科学技术发展等诸多领域的问题。受商品经济冲击和世俗名利观影响,文艺复兴时期的医生形象总体不佳,职业道德明显下滑,患者颇有怨言。这种现象折射了西欧医疗服务技术低下、行业自律性不强、国家管理职能缺位等现状。从医疗社会史角度认识医学问题,既能丰富医学史的社会内涵,又能拓宽其研究路径,进而提升其研究层次。

Under the perspective of the social history of medicine, the professional image of doctors is not a simple technical problem of medical service, but also about the ethics, management of medical care and the level of science and technology. With the commodity economy and the secular fame and wealth affected, the professional image of renaissance doctors in Western Europe was poor and degenerated, which the patients were grumbling. In fact, it reflects the low level of science and technology of Europe, the poor self-discipline of the profession, the absence of the public function of the state, and the pervading value of worldly enjoyment. To understand medical problems in the perspective of social history of medicine can not only enrich the social connotation of medical history, but also broaden its research path and thereby improve its research level.