秋枫和木棉对大气臭氧浓度升高的生理响应

Physiological responses of Bischofi a javanica and Bombax malabaricum to elevated atmospheric ozone concentration

以秋枫Bischofi a javanica Bl.和木棉Bombax malabaricum DC.苗木为试验材料,采用自行设计的开顶式熏气室装置,研究在4种体积分数的臭氧（O3）[E200,Φ（O3）=200×10-9;E100,Φ（O3）=100×10-9;E50,Φ（O3）=50×10-9;环境大气NF,Φ（O3）=10×10-9~20×10-9]下2种植物叶片可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、保护酶活性和膜脂过氧化程度的变化情况,旨在探究在地表臭氧浓度升高的条件下2种植物的生理生化指标的变化情况及其响应机理。结果显示：随臭氧浓度的增加,2种植物膜透性和丙二醛含量均逐渐上升,且与臭氧浓度呈显著正相关关系,说明2种植物膜脂过氧化程度加剧;秋枫可溶性蛋白含量均逐渐下降,木棉先降低后大幅上升;二者可溶性糖含量均是先上升后小幅度下降;POD活性均是先降低后升高;秋枫CAT活性呈先升高再降低的趋势,木棉则是逐渐降低。对2种植物各生理指标进行主成分分析表明,2种植物耐臭氧能力顺序为秋枫〉木棉。

By taking seedlings of Bischofia javanica Bl. and Bombax malabaricum DC. as the test materials, and employing selfdesigned open-top fumigation chamber devices, the variation degrees of contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, contents of malonaldehyde（MDA）, membrane permeability, activities of catalase（CAT） and peroxidase（POD） of the two plants were studied with four ozone volume fractions [E200（Φ（O3）=200×10-9）, E100（Φ（O3） =100×10-9）,E50（Φ（O3）=50×10-9）and non-filtered air, Φ（O3）=10×10-9~ 20×10-9]. The study was aimed at exploring the physiological and biochemistry activities changing mechanisms and response patterns of the two plants under the raising of the ground surface ozone concentration. The results were as follows： with the ozone concentration increasing, the levels of malonaldehyde（MDA） content and membrane permeability in B. javanica and B. malabaricum leaves in creased gradually and were significantly positive correlated with the concentration of O3,which indicated that the levels of membrane lipid peroxidation were aggravated in the two plants; The contents of soluble protein in B. javanica declined gradually, while the contents of soluble protein in B. malabaricum declined first and then increased with high amplitude; The contents of soluble sugar in B. javanica and B. malabaricum both increased first and then declined with low amplitude; Activities of peroxidase（POD） in the two plants declined first and then increased, activities of catalase（CAT） in B. javanica increased first and then declined,while activities of catalase（CAT） in B. malabaricum declined gradually; The physiological parameters of the two plants were evaluated with principal component analysis, the results indicated that the o rder of the tolerance to ozone of the two plants was B. javanica, B. malabaricum.