高层住宅建筑火灾室内交互场景的构建

Construction of interior interactive scenarios of high-rise residential building fire

建筑火灾中人的行为反应是建筑防火性能设计与评估的重要依据之一,关于逃生行动开始前人的行为反应研究近年来已广泛引起关注。文章对人员在获悉火警信息后与决定逃生之前的各种行为反应的分布特征与其影响因素进行研究,提出了包括建筑内部特征、火情相关信息以及人员特征等三类影响因素,利用三维虚拟软件,对可能发生的逃生前期行为进行设计并构建出建筑火灾室内交互场景,通过此三维交互平台,后续研究可以进行大量逃生前期的行为数据收集,以便于量化并分析影响人们逃生前期行为反应的主要影响因素。

Many fires in buildings have indicated that behavior of occupants in period of premovement is important for the survival. Pre-movement time and pre-movement behavior are currently referred as most important factors during evacuation. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that influence pre-evacuation time of occupants during an actual fire evacuation and to quantify the factors. This study proposes three kinds of factors influencing the human behavior in the event of fire in period of the pre-movement,which are building interior characteristics,fire characteristics and human characteristics. On the base of these,indoor interactive scenes for possible behaviors in the pre-movement time are designed and constructed. By simulating fire scenes of building interior,occupants＇ performance in the period of pre-movement will be investigated and collected as follow-up studies for quantitative analysis of main influence factors. The research results provide a theoretical basis for consideration of escaping problems in the course of the scientific and rational design of building-fire protection.