固体废弃物等离子体热解/气化系统研究进展

Plasma pyrolysis/gasification systems for waste disposal

近年来,随着节能环保要求的逐步提高,固体废弃物的等离子体热解/气化技术受到越来越多关注。热等离子体具有极高的反应温度、超快的反应速度和高焓,在热解/气化系统中引入热等离子体作为热源,可以显著提高热解/气化强度和效率。因此,固体废弃物等离子体热解/气化处理被认为是具有很大潜力的废弃物处理替代技术之一。本文从固体废弃物等离子体热解/气化系统入手,综述各种系统中使用的反应器类型及研究进展。

With efficient and reliable torches for the thermal plasma generation becoming available in recent years, the thermal plasma as an energy source for pyrolysis/gasification has attracted much attention, and a special attention is paid to the waste treatment for the resource and the energy recovery. Plasma pyrolysis/gasification systems have unique features such as the extremely high reaction temperature and the ultra-fast reaction velocity as compared to the traditional pyrolysis/gasification systems. The plasma pyrolysis/gasification emerges, therefore, as a novel pyrolysis/gasification technology with a great potential in the solid waste disposal.This paper reviews the fundamental studies of plasma pyrolysis/gasification systems including the direct current（DC） arc plasma system and the radio frequency（RF） plasma system with an emphasis on the reactor design such as the plasma fixed/moving bed reactor system, the plasma entrained-flow bed reactor system and the plasma spout-fluid bed reactor system.