早期传教士作品中的新词创制

The New Words Creation in Early Missionary Work

唐代初年基督教传入中国,到明末开始引起思想界的强烈反响。在特定语言环境中成长、发展的基督教,要在另一完全异质的文化语境中得到充分表述与阐释,涉及到语言上的适应与转换。在基督教中国本土化过程中,明末清初的早期传教士作品在这方面做了开创性的可贵尝试。他们为翻译圣经、讲解基督教教义时,创制了新词,这些新词可以分三类:一类是音译性的新词,一类是词汇性的新词,还有一类是根据中国传统观念与汉语习惯创造出的附会性用语。

The spread of Christianity began in early Tang Dynasty in China,and aroused strong repercussions in intellectuals in late Ming Dynasty. In a completely different context of culture to fully describe and interpret Christianity which has Grown and developed in particular language environment,first of all involved the transformation of the language translation,adaptation and conversion. In the localization of Christianity in China,the early missionary work in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty made a pio-neeringand valuable attempt in this area. This paper analyzes the case of the creation of new words in these works. These new words can be divided into three categories：one is the transliteration of the word,one is a new words created,and one is a category created according to the Chinese traditional ideas and Chinese habits.