母婴依恋的相关因素

Related factors of mother infant attachment

依恋被定义为幼儿和他的照顾者(一般为父母亲)之间存在的一种特殊的感情联系。它产生于幼儿与其照顾者的相互作用过程中,是一种感情上的联结和纽带。依恋关系在母婴互动过程中逐渐形成,不同的依恋类型决定着婴儿性格发展的趋势,对婴儿的身心发展有极其深远的影响。影响依恋关系的因素较多,主要包括婴儿自身的气质特点、父母的个性特征以及父母儿时的依恋表征,三方面共同作用逐渐形成婴儿独特的性格特点。为了对依恋关系有更深入的认识,该文就近5年国外关于婴儿依恋关系相关因素的文献进行整理综述。

Attachment is defined as a special emotional connection existing between infant and his caregiver （usually parents ）. It is produced in the interaction process of infants and their caregivers, and it is a kind of emotional link. Attachment forms gradually in the interaction process between infant and mother. Different types of attachment determine the infant character development trend, which have far-reaching influence on infant＇ s physical and mental development. Factors affecting the attachment mainly include temperamen characteristics of infant, parents＇ personality and the attachment representation of parents in childhood. The interaction of these three aspects forms unique character of infant. In order to have a more thorough understanding of the attachment, the article reviewed the literatures published in the last five years abroad on related factors of infant attachment.