临床药师在药品不良反应监测工作的作用分析

Analysis of Clinical Pharmacists' Intervention on Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring in Our Hospital

目的:探讨临床药师在药品不良反应(ADR)监测工作中的重要作用。方法:收集我院2012年(临床药师干预前)和2013年(临床药师干预后)上报的ADR报告,按报告人、给药途径、患者的年龄与性别、引起ADR的药品品种、药品不良反应累及器官等进行分析、评价、比较。结果:2012年共上报ADR报告343份,其中严重的ADR仅2例,药师上报20例;引起ADR最常见的药物为抗感染药(54.52%)和中药制剂(23.03%);常见的ADR累及器官-系统为皮肤及其附件(54.23%)和消化系统(27.99%)。2013年共上报ADR报告406份,其中严重ADR59例,药师上报ADR 101例;抗感染药和中药制剂ADR报告比例分别为43.84%和13.30%,与2012年相比均有明显下降(P<0.01);ADR受累器官-系统仍以皮肤及其附件(46.55%)为主,但所占比例有明显下降(P<0.001)。结论:临床药师可通过各个方面积极参与ADR监测工作,在提高ADR上报的数量和质量方面发挥重要作用。

Objective： To elaborate the important role of clinical pharmacists on adverse drug reaction（ ADR）monitoring. Methods： Clinical pharmacists participated in ADR monitoring and reporting while carrying out the pharmacy services. ADR reports of our hospital in 2012（ before intervention） and 2013（ after intervention） were analyzed and evaluated comparatively in information of reporter,route of administration,patient＇s age,sex,ADR-related drugs and clinical manifestations of ADR. Results： A total of 343 ADR reports including only 2 serious ADR reports were reported in 2012,20 cases reported by pharmacists. The most common ADR-inducing drugs were anti-infective drug（ 54. 52%） and Chinese medicine（ 23. 03%）. Common types of ADR were skin and its appendages（ 54. 23%） and digestive system（ 27. 99%）. A total of 406 ADR cases were reported in 2013,the serious ADR reports increased to 59 cases,and 101 cases were reported by pharmacists. The proportion of anti-infective drug（ 43. 84%） and Chinese medicine（ 13. 30%） decreased significantly compared to 2012（ P 0. 01）. The common type of ADR was also skin and its appendages（ 46. 55%）,but its＇ proportion decreased compared to 2012（ P 0. 001）. Conclusion： Clinical pharmacists can participate in ADR monitoring in many aspects,and plays an important role in improving the quantity and quality of ADR reports.