论唯物史观的中国文化基因

On the China's Cultural Genes of the Historical Materialism

中国历代先哲们创造并积累的、丰富系统且与唯物史观的科学观念相通相近的思想资源,已构成"唯物史观的中国文化基因"。在唯物史观的社会结构论方面,中国古代思想家的相关思考主要涉及人类起源问题,社会经济生活决定道德面貌的观点,家庭、国家起源和演变问题,义利关系问题等;在唯物史观的社会动力论方面,中国古代思想家提出了比较深刻的有关历史变通演进的观点,并在对封建社会阶级矛盾的认识上达到较高的水平;在唯物史观的社会主体论方面,中国古代思想家则主要在两个方面有着深刻的创见:一是民本或重民思想,包括对普通劳动者历史作用的认识,二是关于时势造英雄的观点。作为唯物史观的中国文化基因之客观存在与不断生长,成为近代以来中国人接受马克思主义的心理前提,也是马克思主义中国化过程中唯物史观被率先接受的重要条件。

The paper coins the concept ＂the China＇s cultural genes of the historical materialism＂——which means the same or similar contents of the thoughts of ancient Chinese thinkers with the Marxist historical theory—and uses the concept as a tool to analyze the outstanding thoughts in the social and historical theories of the ancient Chinese thinkers.The thoughts include：in the theory of the social structure,the scientific summaries of the ancient Chinese thinkers were mainly about the question of the human origins,social economic lives deciding the human moral status,the question of the origin and evolution of the family and the state,and the question of the relationship of the righteousness and interest;in the theory of the power of the social development,the ancient Chinese thinkers put forward the more profound evolutionary history and especially achieved a scientific understanding of the class contradictions of the Chinese feudal society;in the theory of the social subjects i.e.the people,the ancient Chinese thinkers mainly put forward two important profound opinions：one is the theory of＂Times making heroes＂,the other is the scientific understanding of the historical roles of the ordinary laborers.As＂the China＇s cultural genes of the historical materialism＂,these opinions constitute the＂psychological premise＂of the Chinese accepting the Marxism,especially the Historical Materialism.