基于遗传算法的大展弦比复合材料机翼结构优化设计

Structural Optimization Design of High Aspect Ratio Composite Wing Based on Genetic Algorithm

结构减重是飞机设计的一个重要目标,采用复合材料代替金属材料以及对结构进行优化设计可以达到减重的效果。针对一个大展弦比复合材料机翼,采用遗传算法,通过Matlab调用Patran进行建模分析,以结构强度、刚度为约束条件,同时对翼梁位置和复合材料铺层进行优化设计;根据实际工艺要求建立复合材料铺层库,以解决复合材料铺层变量过多的问题。结果表明:本文提出的优化方法有效,对工程设计有较大的指导意义;复合材料铺层库在其他涉及复合材料铺层优化的问题中也具有广泛的应用前景。

Structure lightening is one of the most important targets of the aircraft design. It can he realized by applying the composite material instead of the metal and optimizing the structure. An optimization design is done for a high aspect ratio composite wing. The design variables are the position of the spars and the composite layup. The target is to minimum the weight. The constraint conditions are the structural strength and stiffness. The optimization is done through genetic algorithm with Matlab calling Patran. The composite layup library is built to solve the problem that the number of the composite layup variables is too huge. The result shows that this optimization method is effective and it is useful in engineering design. At the same time, the composite layup library also can be widely used in other works related with composite layup optimization.