寒士文学作家鲍照既悲且苦的范型特征

The Paradigm Characteristics——Bao Zhao's Sorrow and Bitterness

寒士文学在中国古代文学中占有重要地位。寒士文学自两晋南北朝开始兴盛,至元明时期一度发展为时代文学的主导力量。刘宋朝寒士鲍照的人生、创作等方面特征明显,代表性强,且生活时代较早,堪称寒士文学的一大范型作家。鲍照有治平理想但无法实现,同情和关注劳动人民的疾苦,关爱亲人,其人生坎坷流离,个性执著,人格分裂。鲍照一生忧国忧民,锲而不舍,最终死于乱军中,为"既悲且苦"的悲剧性寒士作家的范型。

Literature by poor scholars occupies an important status in ancient Chinese literature. It began to develop in the two Jins, South and North Dynasties, and once became the dominant literature in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Bao Zhao, in Liu Son Dynasty, was representative in his life and creation and was regarded as one of the typical poor scholarship. Bao Zhao had an ideal of managing the state but he was deprived of the right; he sympathized with and paid attention to the plight of the working people, and loved his family; he was full of frustrations and wandered about in his life; he was persistent but had a split personality. Bao Zhao was deeply concerned about his country and his people, worked with perseverance,and was killed in war in the end. He was representative of the ＇sorrow and bitter＇ poor scholars. This ancient survival status of those poor scholars might as well be known as the ＂Bao Zhao type＂. There are quite a few scholars that can be described as the Bao Zhao type in later literary circles.