海拔高度对计算机散热影响的研究

Research on the Effects of Altitude in Computer Heat Dissipation

中国海拔1km以上地区占全国总面积65%,属于高原国家.计算机等电子设备的散热能力受海拔高度的影响很大,电器的散热的好坏直接影响元器件的寿命、运算速度和使用的稳定性等.为了研究海拔高度对电子设备的散热的影响,依据热力学的基本理论,引入了海拔高度参数,对建立在海平面基础上的茹卡乌斯数学模型、ChiltonColburn方程等传热计算模型进行了修正,建立了一套不同海拔高度电器热分析计算方法,解决了海拔高度参数和电器散热关系的问题.其分析结果符合国际电工委员会实验标准,并用Ansys.Icepak14.5电子热设计专用软件进行了验证.为不同海拔高度地区计算机等电器设备热设计和寿命评估提供了理论基础.

The areas at an altitude of 1000m and above account for 65% of the total area of China,therefore,China is a plateau country .For electronic devices such as computers,cooling ability is much affected by attitude,and electric heat dissipation directly affects the service life of components,computing speed,stability,etc .To study the effects of altitude on the cooling of elec-tric devices,the altitude parameters are introduced to modify the Zukauskas mathematical model,Chiltion-Colburn model,and other heat transfer models,according to the fundamental theory of thermodynamics .Electrical heat calculation method for the electronic devices at different altitudes is proposed,and the relationship between the altitude and electrical cooling capability is revealed .The analysis result conforms to the international electro-technical commission standard experiment and is verified by the specialized ther-mal design software Ansys.Icepak4.5,which provides theoretical basis for the thermal design and the life-span evaluation of the electric devices,such as computers,at different altitudes .