理雅各《道德经》译本中文化因素的处理方式

On the Approaches to Cultural Elements in James Legge's translation of Tao Te Ching

博大精深的《道德经》面世两千五百多年来一直吸引着无数东西方学者不断地对它做出新的阐释,使之成为除《圣经》以外译本最多的经典著作。1891年,苏格兰汉学家、传教士理雅各的译作历来是海内外翻译家重译《道德经》的重要参考,在翻译研究史上具有里程碑式的意义。本文以理雅各的《道德经》译著为案例,简述《道德经》的地位、影响和语言特色,综合运用归纳法、比较法、分析法,通过细致的研读提出了理雅各在翻译中对于文化因素处理的三种方式。最后,文章总结理雅各的翻译策略及其意义以期为今后英译中国古代经典提供可资借鉴的技巧。

Tao Te Ching, with its profound insights, has attracted lots of oriental and western scholars who were dedicated to its interpretations ever since its birth, which, in turn, contributes to the most translated traditional Chinese classic. James Legge, the Scottish sinologist and missionary, completed his English translation version of Tao Te Ching in1891, which turned out to be a milestone in the translation history and has had a great influence in translators at home and abroad. This paper firstly introduces the position, influence and linguistic features of Tao Te Ching. With the combined use of inductive,analytical and comparative methods, it focuses on the three approaches to cultural elements in James Legge＇s translation of Tao Te Ching. Finally, it summarizes Legge＇s translation strategies and their influence which provides references for the translation of traditional Chinese classics.