论联合国安理会改革的发展及趋势

On Development and Trend of the UN Security Council Reform

联合国安理会改革是冷战后受到世界各国关注的重大问题之一。一方面,随着会员国的增加,安理会代表性不足及效率性缺乏的状况,使改革的呼声不断;另一方面,不同国家和集团的利益各异,分歧巨大,使各种方案均很难得到广泛的认同。自20世纪90年代以来,虽然安理会改革在改革工作组、高级别名人小组和政府间谈判的努力下取得了一定进展,但仍无法解决以"四国联盟"为代表的"争常派"和以"团结谋共识"集团为代表的"阻常派"之间的矛盾,在核心问题上存在严重分歧。因此,为了消除这种分歧,今后只有通过不断对话与协商的方式来形成折中与妥协的方案,才能早日完成安理会的改革。

The reform of the UN Security Council has been a major attention-drawing issue after the Cold War. On the one hand, with enlargement of UN membership, the under-representation of and lack of efficiency in the Security Council have resulted in constant calling for its reform. On the other hand, different countries and groups of people in pursuit of different interests strongly disagree with each other, thus can hardly reach broad consensus. Since the 1990s, some progress has been made in the reform with efforts of the working group on reform and the High-level Panel, and through intergovernmental negotiations. However, this was overshadowed by the conflicts between country groups like G4 nations and UFC who still hold on to their opposite positions on key issues like whether or not the Security Council should enlarge its permanent membership. Therefore only when the conflicts are settled through compromises reached by conversations and consultations , can we complete the reform of the Security Council as soon as possible.